A Step Beyond Copyright: Considering Thailand’s Privacy Law as it Applies to Scholarly Video Resources
Abstract
Video is a popular medium within linguistic research (Ashmore 2008; Margretts and Margretts 2012; Seyfeddinipur and Rau 2020). Diverse areas of linguistics use video including: sign-language research, investigation into speech co-gesture, and language documentation. It is also a common tool for communities conducting language documentation for lesser-known or endangered languages, e,g., Ungsitipoonporn et al. (2021). Copyright laws have been the main focus of scholars as they consider legal issues around cultural heritage and language documentation materials (Brown 1998; Newman 2007, 2011; Collister 2022). In contrast, Paterson (2021) points out that the rights management component related to archival collections is increasingly complex as additional rights beyond the legal basis of copyright need to be considered including: Rights of Ownership, Neighboring Rights, Moral Rights, Privacy Rights, and Rights of Likeness Reproduction. Scholars often think of video resources as “evidence”, archives think of them as “artifacts”, but the law often casts them as “data”. In 2019, Thailand passed the Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) which sets up a new set of rights for the subjects of “data” and puts limits on processors of “data”, e.g., archives. The PDPA came into full effect in 2022. In this presentation, I look at some compliance requirements and how they might interact with constraints on copyrights and moral rights, especially in cases where participants agree to be videotaped but wish to remain anonymous. Anonymity is crucial to research design and can be an important part of privacy (Bert-Jaap et al. 2017), yet to document those who are choosing to remain anonymous is challenging.
Bibliography
- Ashmore (2008)
- Ashmore, L. (2008). The role of digital video in language documentation. Language Documentation and Description, 5. 77–102.
- Bert-Jaap, Newell, Timan, Škorvánek, Chokrevski & Galič (2017)
- Bert-Jaap, K., Newell, B., Timan, T., Škorvánek, I., Chokrevski, T. & Galič, M. (2017). A Typology of Privacy. University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, 38(2). 483–575.
- Brown (1998)
- Brown, M. (1998). Can Culture Be Copyrighted?. Current Anthropology, 39(2). 193–222. https://doi.org/10.1086/204721
- Collister (2022)
- Collister, L. (2022). Copyright and Sharing Linguistic Data. In Berez-Kroeker, A., McDonnell, B., Koller, E. & Collister, L. (Eds.), The Open Handbook of Linguistic Data Management. (pp. 117–128). The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/12200.003.0013
- Margretts & Margretts (2012)
- Margretts, A. & Margretts, A. (2012). Audio and Video Recording Techniques for Linguistic Research. In Thieberger, N. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Fieldwork. (pp. 13–53). Oxford University Press.
- Newman (2007)
- Newman, P. (2007). Copyright Essentials for Linguists. Language Documentation & Conservation, 1(1). 28–43. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10125/1724
- Newman (2011)
- Newman, P. (2011). Copyright and Other Legal Concerns. In Thieberger, N. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Fieldwork. (pp. 430–456). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199571888.013.0020
- Paterson III (2021)
- Paterson III, H. (2021). On Rights Management in Anthropological and Linguistic Sound Collections. ARSC Journal, 52(3). 547–563. Retrieved from http://www.arsc-audio.org/journal.html
- Seyfeddinipur & Rau (2020)
- Seyfeddinipur, M. & Rau, F. (2020). Keeping it real: Video data in language documentation and language archiving. Language Documentation & Conservation, 14. 503–519. Retrieved from http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24965
- Seyfeddinipur, Ameka, Bolton, Blumtritt, Carpenter, Cruz, Drude, Epps, Ferreira, Galucio, Hellwig, Hinte, Holton, Jung, Buddeberg, Krifka, Kung, Monroig, Neba, Nordhoff, Pakendorf, Prince, Rau, Rice, Riessler, Szoelloesi Brenig, Thieberger, Trilsbeek, Voort & Woodbury (2019)
- Seyfeddinipur, M., Ameka, F., Bolton, L., Blumtritt, J., Carpenter, B., Cruz, H., Drude, S., Epps, P., Ferreira, V., Galucio, A., Hellwig, B., Hinte, O., Holton, G., Jung, D., Buddeberg, I., Krifka, M., Kung, S., Monroig, M., Neba, A., Nordhoff, S., Pakendorf, B., Prince, K., Rau, F., Rice, K., Riessler, M., Szoelloesi Brenig, V., Thieberger, N., Trilsbeek, P., Voort, H. & Woodbury, T. (2019). Public access to research data in language documentation: Challenges and possible strategies. Language Documentation & Conservation, 13. 545–563. Retrieved from http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24901
- Ungsitipoonporn, Buachut, Ferreira & Seyfeddinipur (2021)
- Ungsitipoonporn, S., Buachut, W., Ferreira, V. & Seyfeddinipur, M. (2021). Community archiving of ethnic groups in Thailand. Language Documentation & Conservation, 15. 267–284. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24975
Categories:
Content Mediums:
Hugh Paterson III
Collaborative Scholar
I specialize in bespoke research at the intersection of Linguistics, Law, Languages, and Technology; specifically utility and life-cycle management for information products in these spaces.