Additional OLAC Collections

In 2022 I published about the lack of DCMIType usage to indicate collection records within OLAC records. That publication didn’t look at the use of <dc:type></dc:type> in an unqualified way to indicate collections. The analysis of that original paper should be revisited, or amended in this light. Today I found a new-to-me and interesting method to discovering in a quantifiable way additional un-marked collection records. It seems that the OLAC provider from cocoon crdo.vjf.cnrs.fr as not used the DCMIType declaration for collections but has used an undeclared type of <dc:type>archives</dc:type>. Archives are sets of artifacts and therefore meet the DCMIType definition for collection. A quick search of the OLAC dataset grep -i '<dc:type>archives</dc:type>' ListRecords-20210718.xml | uniq -c indicates that there are 314 of these records. There were no records indicated for the terms set, collection, or group. However, there were quite a few with the dc:type term corpus

The following OLAC record exemplifies the use of <dc:type>archives</dc:type>.

<record xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/">
	<header>
		<identifier>oai:crdo.vjf.cnrs.fr:cocoon-aa28f80a-9f0b-3c3e-b636-a2b47570b0f4</identifier>
		<datestamp>2021-02-26</datestamp>
	</header>
	<metadata>
		<olac:olac xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:olac="http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/1.1/dc.xsd http://purl.org/dc/terms/ http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/1.1/dcterms.xsd http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/1.1/ http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/1.1/olac.xsd">
			<dc:contributor olac:code="compiler" xsi:type="olac:role">Philippe Stern (1895-1979)</dc:contributor>
			<dc:coverage>Congo (République)</dc:coverage>
			<dc:coverage>Afrique</dc:coverage>
			<dc:coverage>Afrique-Equatoriale française (1910-1958)</dc:coverage>
			<dc:coverage>Moyen-Congo (1906-1958)</dc:coverage>
			<dc:coverage>Congo</dc:coverage>
			<dc:coverage>1931</dc:coverage>
			<dcterms:spatial xsi:type="dcterms:ISO3166">FR</dcterms:spatial>
			<dcterms:spatial>France, Île-de-France, Paris</dcterms:spatial>
			<dcterms:spatial xsi:type="dcterms:Point">east=2.34444;north=48.86</dcterms:spatial>
			<dcterms:created xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF">1931-07-31</dcterms:created>
			<dcterms:available xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF">2018-09-05</dcterms:available>
			<dc:description>Enregistré en France</dc:description>
			<dc:description>Face B : chant responsorial entre un soliste et un choeur.</dc:description>
			<dc:description>Date et lieu d'enregistrement restitués d'après le carnet à souche recensant chaque session d'enregistrement.</dc:description>
			<dc:format xsi:type="dcterms:IMT">audio/mpeg</dc:format>
			<dcterms:extent>PT02M57S</dcterms:extent>
			<dcterms:medium>1 disque : 78 t, aig. ; 25 cm</dcterms:medium>
			<dcterms:medium>disque pre-lp (= long play, pour disques 78 tours) : enregistrement electrique ; aiguille</dcterms:medium>
			<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">https://cocoon.huma-num.fr/exist/crdo/meta/cocoon-aa28f80a-9f0b-3c3e-b636-a2b47570b0f4</dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">https://doi.org/10.34847/cocoon.aa28f80a-9f0b-3c3e-b636-a2b47570b0f4</dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier>Cote BNF: FRBNF37928526</dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier>Université de Paris-Musée de la parole et du geste. Numéro(s) de matrice: AP 3504, AP 3505</dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier>Université de Paris-Musée de la parole et du geste. 3504 (n °de face), 3505 (n° de face)</dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">https://cocoon.huma-num.fr/data/bnf/bpt6k128475d_f1.mp3</dc:identifier>
			<dc:identifier>Ancienne cote: crdo-cb379285269_f1</dc:identifier>
			<dc:language olac:code="lin" xsi:type="olac:language">Lingala</dc:language>
			<dc:publisher>Musée de la parole et du geste</dc:publisher>
			<dc:relation xsi:type="dcterms:URI">oai:crdo.vjf.cnrs.fr:cocoon-e02da709-849b-3679-9f8d-cb4bd688e5b1</dc:relation>
			<dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">oai:crdo.vjf.cnrs.fr:cocoon-7530d167-577f-35a0-932c-a3094726b2ec</dcterms:isPartOf>
			<dc:rights>Public domain</dc:rights>
			<dc:rights>Domaine public</dc:rights>
			<dcterms:accessRights>Freely accessible</dcterms:accessRights>
			<dcterms:license xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</dcterms:license>
			<dc:source xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://ark.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb379285269</dc:source>
			<dc:subject>Chants funèbres</dc:subject>
			<dc:subject>Guérisseurs</dc:subject>
			<dc:subject>Pluriarc, Musique de</dc:subject>
			<dc:subject olac:code="lin" xsi:type="olac:language">Lingala</dc:subject>
			<dc:title>Okala : chant de funérailles / Mme Nio Niobi, chant solo de femme. Chant de sorcier : demande de guérison ; MM. Monbeza, Mahoukou et Kangoud, chant solo et choeur ; accompagnement de pluriarc. Face 1</dc:title>
			<dcterms:alternative>Traditions, Afrique, Afrique-Equatoriale française (1910-1958), Moyen-Congo (1906-1958), Congo, 1931</dcterms:alternative>
			<dc:type xsi:type="dcterms:DCMIType">Sound</dc:type>
			<dc:type>Traditions</dc:type>
			<dc:type>Chansons</dc:type>
			<dc:type olac:code="singing" xsi:type="olac:discourse-type"/>
			<dc:type>chanson d'autres langues</dc:type>
			<dc:type>musique traditionnelle étrangère</dc:type>
			<dc:type>musiques traditionnelles</dc:type>
			<dc:type>archives</dc:type>
			<dcterms:provenance>Fonds du Musée de la parole et du geste (Exposition coloniale internationale 1931)</dcterms:provenance>
		</olac:olac>
	</metadata>
</record>

A second point of interest might be to look at the usage of the tableOfContents element usage especially by PARADISEC, as a dataset indication of a collection record.